In this three-part series, we will explore models and methods on reflection.
John Dewey once said, “we do not learn from experience…we learn from reflecting on experience.”
The distinction Dewey is making suggests that experience itself is not the catalyst for learning, rather it is the individual’s desire to understand the experience that drives learning. Consequently, the extent of our experiential learning will depend on the quality of how we reflect on the experience.
When it comes to reflection, dozens of models exist. Though similar in many ways, these models are not all the same. They vary in their approach, the perspectives they adopt, the amount of time required, and the degree of meticulousness. Deciding which one is appropriate for you will depend on your unique situation and needs. Common factors to consider when deciding which reflection model is right for you include:
Time: How much time do you want to spend reflecting on the experience? How time can you spend reflecting on the problem? Some processes are quick and easy while others require more time.
Energy: How much energy do you have for reflection, how deep do you wish to go in your reflection? Depending on the experience and the process, reflection can prove draining for some. Those with little energy may want a quick and simple process. Those with the energy and a desire to explore an experience on a deeper level may consider a more methodical approach.
Emotion: How much does emotion play into the experience? By its very nature, reflection requires a person relive an experience. Depending on your readiness and willingness to relive the experience, you will want to select a process appropriate for you.
Other variables to consider include your ability to view the experience from different perspectives, your capacity for objective vs. subjective reflection, and your openness to include others in your reflective process. You should also consider the situation itself.
Not every experience will require a methodical or in-depth level of reflection. The availability of so many frameworks increase the chance you will find a model suited for your needs.
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